8-Timeline+of+the+Eighth+Crusader+Initiative

Events leading to the Eighth Crusader Initiative 1250 (May) CE __** - Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt, Turanshah, is murdered and replaced by Mamluk slave general Aibek-founder of the Mamluk Dynasty. -Emperor Frederick II dies, William of Holland and Conrad IV claim succession. (Nov)- Conrad IV dies. -Greeks reoccupy Constantinople. -Michael VIII Palaeologus drives Latin rulers out of Constantinople and re-establishes Eastern Orthodox rule. -Baybar also captures the city of Jaffa. Beginning of the Eighth Crusader Initiative -Attempts to land in North Africa intent on converting the Sultan of Tunis to Christianity, but he dies en-route. -His son, Philip III takes the crown, but is too young to rule, so Charles of Anjou becomes actual leader of the Crusade.
 * __[[image:http://faculty.cua.edu/pennington/CrusadeImages/Crusade1228.jpg width="530" height="259" caption="Catholic University of America (http://faculty.cua.edu/pennington/Crusades1070-1500.html)" link="http://faculty.cua.edu/pennington/CrusadeImages/Crusade1228.jpg"]]
 * __ 1251 CE __** - Mamluk Dynasty takes control of Egypt.
 * __ 1254 CE __** - King Louis IX of France departs for the Holy Land.
 * __ 1259 CE __** - King Louis IX of France signs Treaty of Paris with Henry III of England.
 * __ 1260 (Oct) CE __** - Baybars (Mamluk leader) becomes Sultan of Egypt and begins building in Jerusalem.
 * __ 1261 CE __** - Recapture of Constantinople by Nicaea forces and end of the Latin Empire.
 * __ 1267 CE __** - King Louis IX of France becomes distured by the movements and advances of the Mamluks in Egypt, begins a call for an Eighth Crusade.
 * __ 1268 CE __** - Mamluks of Egypt, under the command of Baybars, take the city of Antioch and kill most of the people.
 * __ 1270 CE __** - King Louis IX of France sets out for the Eighth Crusade.
 * __ 1271 (April) CE __** - Baybars, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, captures major fortresses of the Hospitallers (Chastel-Blanc), the Templars (Krak des Chevaliers), and the Teutonic Knights (Montfort).
 * __End of the Eighth Crusader Initiative__**